1066 ~ William the Conqueror invaded England, landing at Pevensey, Sussex.

1915 ~ Birthday of Ethel Rosenberg, Spy.

1924 ~ The first round-the-world flight completed. It took 175 days.

1925 ~ Birthday of Seymour Cray, Computer Scientist.

1928 ~ Alexander Fleming discovered what later became known as penicillin, for which he shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

1970 ~ Death of Gamal Abdel Nasser, Egyptian statesman.

1976 ~ Stevie Wonder released Songs in the Key of Life.

1995 ~ Israeli PM Yitzhak Rabin and PLO chairman Yasser Arafat signed an accord to transfer much of the West Bank to the control of its Arab residents.

1988 ~ Death of Charles Addams, Cartoonist, creator of The Adams Family.

2000 ~ Death of Pierre Elliott Trudeau, fifteenth Prime Minister of Canada.

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Eudaimonia

1547 ~ Birthday of Miguel de Cervantes, Author (Don Quixote).

1714 ~ George, Elector of Hanover, arrived in Greenwich to assume the British throne as King George I.

1758 ~ Birthday of Horatio Nelson, English icon.

1901 ~ Birthday of Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist. Awarded the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics.

1916 ~ John D. Rockefeller became the first billionaire.

1957 ~ The New York Giants played their last game at the Polo Grounds.

1960 ~ Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev disrupted a meeting of the UN General Assembly.

1962 ~ Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite was launched.

1978 ~ Death of Pope John Paul, who reigned just 33 days.

2004 ~ The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passed within 964,000 miles of Earth.

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Eudaimonia

1791 ~ Mozart's opera “The Magic Flute” premiered in Vienna, Austria.

1913 ~ Death of Rudolf Diesel, German inventor.

1924 ~ Birthday of Truman Capote, Author (In Cold Blood).

1927 ~ Babe Ruth became the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.

1938 ~ British, French, German and Italian leaders agreed that Nazi Germany would be allowed to annex Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland.

1954 ~ The submarine USS Nautilus was commissioned as the first nuclear reactor powered vessel.

1955 ~ Death of James Dean, American actor.

1982 ~ Birthday of Tory Lane, Porn Actress.

1991 ~ President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti was forced from office.

2005 ~ The controversial drawings of Muhammad were printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.

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Eudaimonia

1905 ~ The Julliard School of Music was founded in New York City.

1930 ~ Birthday of Richard Harris, Irish actor, singer-songwriter. Dumbledore could rock when he wanted to!

1939 ~ Winston Churchill during a radio broadcast described the Soviet Union as ''a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma''.

1943 ~ The International War Crimes Tribunal in Nuremburg sentenced 12 Nazi leaders to death.

1949 ~ The People's Republic of China was formed with Mao Zedong as its head.

1961 ~ The New York Yankees' Roger Maris hit his 61st home run of the season.

1968 ~ The cult horror movie "Night of the Living Dead" had its world premiere in Pittsburgh.

1971 ~ Walt Disney World opened in Orlando, Florida. Eventually it would become the largest, man-made, tourist attraction in the world.

1976 ~ Birthday of Dora Venter, Hungarian Porn Actress.

1979 ~ The United States returned sovereignty of the Panama canal to Panama.

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Eudaimonia

Richard Harris nearly had an IRA fatwa put on him for his song "Too many Saviours on my Cross", which bitterly denounced sectarian violence in Northern Ireland.

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Calm, quiet, smooth, devastating

1187 ~ Saladin captured Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.

1800 ~ Birthday of Nat Turner, leader of an American slave uprising.

1836 ~ Charles Darwin returned to England after a 5-year journey aboard the HMS Beagle collecting data he will later use to develop his theory of evolution.

1869 ~ Birthday of Mahatma Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Indian political leader.

1890 ~ Birthday of Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor.

1904 ~ Birthday of Graham Greene, British novelist.

1935 ~ Italy invaded Abyssinia (Ethiopia).

1967 ~ Thurgood Marshall sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.

1985 ~ Death of Rock Hudson, Actor.

1993 ~ Hardline Communists riot in Moscow.

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Eudaimonia

1873 ~ Birthday of Emily Post, etiquette advisor.

1900 ~ Birthday of Thomas Wolfe, American novelist.

1916 ~ Birthday of James Herriot, veterinarian, author.

1922 ~ Rebecca L. Felton, D-Ga., became the first woman to be seated in the U.S. Senate. She was appointed to serve out the remaining term of Sen. Thomas E. Watson.

1925 ~ Birthday of Gore Vidal, author.

1952 ~ The Uk became the world's third nuclear power after successfully testing a nuclear weapon.

1967 ~ Death of Woody Guthrie, folk musician.

1973 ~ Frank Robinson was named major league baseball's first black manager as he was put in charge of the Cleveland Indians.

1990 ~ The re-unification of Germany. East Germany ceased to exist.

1995 ~ A jury found O.J. Simpson not guilty of murder in the 1994 slayings of his former wife, Nicole Brown Simpson, and Ronald Goldman.

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Eudaimonia

1903 ~ Birthday of John Vincent Atanasoff, inventor of the digital electronic computer.

1924 ~ Birthday of Charlton Heston, Actor.

1941 ~ Birthday of Anne Rice, Author.

1943 ~ Birthday of H. Rap Brown, civil rights activist & murderer.

1957 ~ Launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.

1983 ~ The first Hooters restaurant opened in Clearwater, Florida.

1985 ~ Free Software Foundation founded.

1993 ~ Russian President Boris Yeltsin ordered the army to begin storming the Russian parliament building.

2002 ~ John Walker Lindh, the “American Taliban”, received a 20-year sentence.

2004 ~ The SpaceShipOne rocket plane broke through Earth's atmosphere for the second time in five days to capture a $10 million prize.

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Eudaimonia

1813 ~ Death of Tecumseh, American Indian leader.

1882 ~ Birthday of Robert Goddard, rocket scientist.

1902 ~ Birthday of Ray Kroc, founder of McDonald's Corporation.

1947 ~ President Harry Truman gave the first televised White House address.

1968 ~ The beginning of The Troubles of Northern Ireland.

1969 ~ “Monty Python's Flying Circus" made its debut on BBC Television.

1970 ~ Montreal, Quebec: British Trade Commissioner James Cross was kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.

1994 ~ Forty eight members of a Swiss cult die in a mass suicide.

2000 ~ Mass demonstrations in Belgrade led to the resignation of Slobodan Milosevic.

2004 ~ Death of Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand physicist, Nobel laureate.

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Eudaimonia

1600 ~ Jacopo Peri's “Euridice”, the earliest surviving opera, premiered in Florence.

1846 ~ Birthday of George Westinghouse, Engineer & Inventor.

1892 ~ Death of Alfred Tennyson, British poet laureate.

1914 ~ Birthday of Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer, leader of the “Kon-Tiki” expedition.

1927 ~ Opening of “The Jazz Singer”, the first talking movie.

1948 ~ Birthday of Gerry Adams, Irish politician.

1973 ~ Egyptian troops cross the Suez Canal, starting the Yom Kippur War.

1981 ~ Anwar al-Sadat was assassinated.

1887 ~ Death of Bette Davis, Actress.

1995 ~ The first extrasolar planet was discovered orbiting 51 Pegasi, in the constellation of Pegasus.

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Eudaimonia

1571 ~ The Ottoman Empire was defeated at the battle of Lepanto.

1796 ~ Death of Thomas Reid, Scottish philosopher.

1849 ~ Death of Edgar Allan Poe, American writer.

1885 ~ Birthday of Niels Bohr, Physicist, awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 1922.

1931 ~ Birthday of Desmond Tutu, South African archbishop and anti-apartheid activist, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1984.

1982 ~ "Cats" opened on Broadway.

1985 ~ The “Achille Lauro” was hijacked by Palestinian terrorists.

1986 ~ Birthday of Bree Olson, Porn Actress.

2001 ~ The U.S. began its air offensive against al-Qaeda and the Taleban in Afghanistan.

2003 ~ California governor Gray Davis was recalled from office and replaced by Arnold Schwarzenegger.

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Eudaimonia

1871 ~ The Great Chicago Fire destroyed about 17,450 buildings, killed about 250 people and left another 90,000 homeless.

1920 ~ Birthday of Frank Herbert, Science Fiction writer.

1949 ~ Birthday of Sigourney Weaver, Actress.

1952 ~ The UK suffered its worst peacetime rail accident.

1961 ~ In London, the Post Office Tower opened.

1969 ~ Birthday of Julia Ann, Porn Actress.

1982 ~ Solidarity, and all other labor organizations in Poland, were banned.

1992 ~ Death of Willy Brandt, German politician.

2003 ~ Arnold Schwarzenegger was elected governor of California.

2004 ~ Martha Stewart went to jail.

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Eudaimonia

1804 ~ Hobart, Tasmania, was founded.

1835 ~ Birthday of Camille Saint-Saëns, Composer.

1859 ~ Birthday of Alfred Dreyfus, French military officer.

1940 ~ Birthday of John Lennon, Musician & Songwriter.

1942 ~ The Statute of Westminster Adoption Act formalized Australian autonomy.

1948 ~ Birthday of Jackson Browne (Doctor My Eyes, The Pretender, Running On Empty).

1961 ~ Ray Charles' "Hit the Road Jack" reached #1.

1967 ~ Guerrilla leader Che Guevara was executed in Bolivia.

1970 ~ Birthday of Savannah, Porn Actress.

1974 ~ Death of Oskar Schindler, businessman.

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Eudaimonia

1813 ~ Birthday of Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer.

1845 ~ In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later renamed the United States Naval Academy) opened with 50 midshipmen students and seven professors.

1875 ~ Death of Aleksey Tolstoy, Novelist & Poet.

1938 ~ The Sudetenland was ceded to Nazi Germany by the terms of the Munich Agreement.

1966 ~ Simon and Garfunkel released the album Parsley, Sage, Rosemary and Thyme.

1970 ~ A crisis hit Canada when Quebec Vice-Premier Pierre Laporte became the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.

1973 ~ Vice President Spiro T. Agnew pleaded no contest to one count of federal income tax evasion and resigned.

1975 ~ Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor remarried.

1980 ~ UK PM Margaret Thatcher gave a defiant speech at the Tory party conference "… I have only one thing to say: You turn if you want to. The lady's not for turning!"

1985 ~ U.S. Navy F-14s intercepted the plane carrying the “Achille Lauro” cruise ship hijackers and forced it to land at a NATO base in Sicily where they were arrested.

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Eudaimonia

1844 ~ Birthday of Henry Heinz, food manufacturer.

1899 ~ In South Africa, a war between the UK and the Boers of the Transvaal and Orange Free State began.

1958 ~ Pioneer 1 was launched; it failed to go as far as planned, fell back to Earth and burned up in the atmosphere.

1961 ~ Death of Chico Marx, comedian.

1962 ~ Pope John XXIII convened the Second Vatican Council.

1968 ~ Launch of Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo mission.

1975 ~ The debut of Saturday Night Live.

1976 ~ China's "Gang of Four" was arrested.

1991 ~ Death of Redd Foxx, Comedian & actor.

2002 ~ The U.S. Senate joined the House in approving the use of America's military against Iraq.

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Eudaimonia